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 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Technical Data
MC44BC373C/D Rev. 3.1 7/2002 MC44BC373C/374C PLL Tuned UHF and VHF Audio/Video High Integration Modulator
MC44BC373C/374C
SO16NB Package TSSOP16 Package
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Ordering Information
Device MC44BC373CD,R2 MC44BC374CD,R2 MC44BC373CDTB,R2 MC44BC374CDTB,R2 Temp Range -20C to +85C -20C to +85C -20C to +85C -20C to +85C Package SO16NB SO16NB TSSOP16 TSSOP16
NOTE: For tape and reel, add R2 suffix.
Contents List
1 2 3 4 5 6 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Device Overview . . . . . . 3 Maximum Ratings . . . . . 4 Thermal Rating . . . . . . . 4 Electrostatic Discharge 4 Electrical Characteristics 5 7 I2C Bit Mapping . . . . . . . 6 8 I2C Programming . . . . . 7 9 Modulator High Frequency Characteristics 9 10 Video Characteristics . 10 11 Audio Characteristics . 11 12 Characterization Measurement Conditions 12 13 Modulator Description 17 14 High Speed I2C Compatible Bus 21 15 Pin Circuit Schematics 24 16 Application and Case Diagrams 25
The modulators are for use in VCRs, set-top boxes, and similar devices. Figure 1 shows the pin connections.
SCL SDA
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
GNDD VCCD PLLFLT TVOVCC TVOUT GND VCCA VIDEO
LOP XTAL
GND PREEM AUDIO SPLFLT
Figure 1. MC44BC373C/4C Pin Connections
This document contains information on a product under development. Motorola reserves the right to change or discontinue this product without notice. (c) Motorola, Inc., 2002. All rights reserved.
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Features
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
1 Features
MC44BC373C: Multi-Standard PAL/SECAM/NTSC Modulator MC44BC374C: PAL/NTSC only Modulator The channel is set by an on-chip high-speed I2C compatible bus receiver. A Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) tunes the modulator over the full UHF range. The modulator incorporates a sound subcarrier oscillator and uses a second PLL to derive 4.5, 5.5, 6.0, and 6.5MHz subcarrier frequencies. These frequencies are selectable using the bus. The modulation standard can be chosen using a control bit that selects between System L or System B/G (MC44BC373C only). The picture-to-sound ratio may be adjusted using the bus. In addition, an on-chip video test pattern generator can be switched ON with a 1KHz audio test signal.
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The MC44BC373C/4C also has the following features: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * No external varicaps diodes/inductor or tuned components Channel 21-69 UHF operation VHF range possible by internal dividers (30MHz-450MHz) Integrated on-chip programmable UHF oscillator Extremely low external components count High speed read and write I2C-bus compatible (800kHz) Fixed video modulation depth (80% in PAL and 90% in SECAM) Peak White Clip disabled via the bus Programmable picture/sound carrier ratio (12dB and 16dB) Integrated on-chip programmable sound subcarrier oscillator (4.5MHz to 6.5MHz)--No external varicaps On-chip video test pattern generator with sound test signal (1kHz) Low-power programmable modulator standby mode Transient output inhibit during PLL Lock-up at power-ON Logical Output Port controlled by bus Custom masked versions with unique start-up settings possible (no I2C bus programming required) Extremely robust ESD protection, minimum 4kV, typical 6kV
2
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Device Overview
2 Device Overview
Figure 2 shows a simplified block diagram of the MC44BC373C/4C device. The MC44BC373C/4C device has three main sections: 1. A high speed I2C-compatible bus section 2. A PLL section to synthesize the UHF/VHF output channel frequency (from an integrated UHF oscillator, divided for VHF output) 3. A modulator section, which accepts audio and video inputs, then uses them to modulate the UHF/VHF carrier An on-chip video test pattern generator with an audio test signal is included. The MC44BC373C operates as a multi-standard modulator and can handle the following systems using the same external circuit components: B/G, I, D/K, L, M/N.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
High frequency BiCMOS technology allows integration of the UHF tank circuit and certain filtering functions.
LOP 3 Peak White Clip L /BG Video Modulator VIDEO 9 SPLLFLT 8 MODULATOR SECTION
I2C BUS
Clamp 31.25 kHz Sound PFD Sound Oscillator and FM Modulator
7 Audio Amplifier 6
AUDIO PREEM
L/BG
TVOVCC 13 TVOUT 12
75
LPF
Prog Divider
LPF
ALC 10 VCCA
I2C BUS
I2C BUS
FM AM
LPF
L/BG AM Modulator
11 GND 5 GND
Sound Modulator BUS SECTION
VHF Dividers
VCO and PLL SECTION
I2C BUS
SCL SDA
1 2
High Speed I2C Bus Receiver
UHF OSC Prescaler/8 I2C BUS Prog Divider
PLL
Phase Comp
Ref Divider /128
4MHz XCO
31.25KHz 14 PLLFLT 4 XTAL
15 VCCD
16 GNDD
Figure 2. MC44BC373C/4C Simplified Block Diagram
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3
Maximum Ratings
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3 Maximum Ratings
Sym Vcc Tamin Tamax Supply voltage Minimum operating ambient temperature Maximum operating ambient temperature Parameter Value Unit 6 -20 85 -65 150 150 V
o o
This device contains protection circuitry to guard against damage due to high static voltage or electric fields. However, precautions must be taken to avoid applications of any voltage higher than maximum rated voltages to this high impedance circuit. For proper operation, input and output voltages should be constrained to the ranges indicated in the Recommended Operating Conditions.
C C
Tstgmin Minimum storage temperature Tstgmax Maximum storage temperature Tj Junction Temperature
oC o
C
C
Maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. For functional operation, values should be restricted to the Recommended Operating Condition. Meets Moisture Sensitivity Level 1, no dry pack required
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4 Thermal Rating
Sym Rthja Parameter Thermal resistance from Junction to Ambient Value 140 Unit C/W
5 Electrostatic Discharge
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) tests are done on all pins.
Sym
ESD ESD
Parameter MM (Machine Model) - MIL STD 883C method 3015-7 HBM (Human Body Model) - MIL STD 883C method 3015-7
Min 200 4000
Typ 500 6000
Unit V V
4
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Electrical Characteristics
6 Electrical Characteristics
* * * * A = 100% tested B = 100% Correlation tested C = Characterized on samples D = Design parameter
See Characterization conditions section for each "C" type parameter
6.1 Specification Conditions
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0V, Ambient Temperture=25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale. RF output into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE DEMODULATION.
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Parameter Operating supply voltage range Total supply current Total standby mode supply current Test pattern sync pulse width Sound comparator charge pump current During locking When locked RF comparator charge pump current Crystal oscillator stability--negative resistance Logic Output Port Saturation voltage at I=2mA Leakage current
Min 4.5 44 3 3 7 0.7 60 1 -- --
Typ 5.0 52 6 4.7 10 1 100 -- 160 --
Max 5.5 60 9 6.5 12 1.5 150 -- 300 1
Unit V mA mA S A A A K mV A
Notes
Type B
All sections active OSC, SO, ATT=1 Bus Section active
A A B A A A D A A
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5
I2C Bit Mapping
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7 I2C Bit Mapping
WRITE MODE CA--CHIP ADDRESS C1--High Order Bits C0--Low Order Bits FM--High Order Bits FL--Low Order Bits READ MODE CHIP ADDRESS R--Status Byte Bit Name Bit 7 1 1 PWC 0 N5 Bit 7 1 -- Bit 6 1 0 OSC TPEN N4 Bit 6 1 -- Bit 5 0 SO ATT N11 N3 Bit 5 0 -- Bit 4 0 LOP SFD1 N10 N2 Bit 4 0 -- Description Peak White Clip enable/disable UHF oscillator ON/OFF Modulator output attenuated--sound and video modulators ON/OFF Sound subcarrier frequency control bits Test mode bit--bus format compatible with MC44353 Sound Oscillator ON/OFF Logic Output Port Picture-to-sound carrier ratio System L enable--selects AM sound and positive video modulation (MC44BC373C only) Test pattern enable--picture and sound Test mode bits--All bits are 0 for normal operation (see Test Mode tables, page 6 & page 7) UHF frequency programming bits, in steps of 250kHz RF oscillator out-of-frequency range information RF oscillator operating range information Bit 3 1 PS SFD0 N9 N1 Bit 3 1 -- Bit 2 0 X3 TB1 N8 N0 Bit 2 0 Y2 Bit 1 1 X2 X5 N7 X1 Bit 1 1 Y1 Bit 0 0 SYSL X4 N6 X0 Bit 0 1 OOR ACK ACK ACK ACK ACK ACK ACK ACK -
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PWC OSC ATT SFD0, 1 TB1 SO LOP PS SYSL TPEN X5...X0 N0...N11 OOR Y1, Y2
6
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I2C Programming
8 I2C Programming
Sound
SFD1 0 0 1 1 PS 0 1 SFD0 0 1 0 1 Sound Subcarrier Freq (MHz) 4.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 Picture-to-Sound Ratio (dB) 12 16 Sound Oscillator Sound oscillator ON (Normal mode) Sound oscillation disabled (oscillator and PLL section bias turned OFF) ATT 0 1
UHF
OSC 0 1 UHF Oscillator Normal operation UHF oscillator disabled (oscillator and PLL sections bias turned OFF) Modulator Output Attenuation Normal operation Modulator output attenuation (sound and video modulators sections bias turned OFF.
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SO 0 1
Standby Mode
OSC 1 SO 1 ATT 1 Combination of 3-bits Modulator standby mode
Video
SYSL 0 1 PWC 0 1 TPEN 0 System L/BG Selection (MC44BC373C only) System B/G enabled, System L disabled (FM sound and negative video modulation) System L enabled, System B/G disabled (AM sound and positive video modulation) Peak White Clip Peak White Clip ON (System B/G) Peak White Clip OFF (System L) Test Pattern Signal Test pattern signal OFF (normal operation)
MC44353/4/5 Compatibility
TB1 0 1 Description Normal mode (Full programmability) Limited programmability and compatibility with MC44353
Logic Output Port
LOP 0 1 Description Pin 3 is low voltage Pin 3 is high impedance
WRITE MODE: Test Mode 1 and VHF Range
X2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 X1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 X0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 State 1.a 1.b 1.c 1.d 1.e 1.f 1.g 1.h Normal operation RF frequency divided for low frequency testing or VHF range: RF/2 RF/4 RF/8 RF/16 DC drive applied to modulators: Non-inverted video at TVOUT DC drive applied to modulators: Inverted video at TVOUT Transient output inhibit disabled (ie speed up mode) During this speed-up test mode, ATT=0 forces sound current source to 1A, and ATT=1 forces it to 10A. Description
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I2C Programming
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WRITE MODE: Test Mode 2
X5 0 0 0 0 1 X4 0 0 1 1 0 X3 0 1 0 1 0 State 2.a 2.b 2.c 2.d 2.e Normal operation Test pattern generator DC verification (Test pattern DC test mode available) Program divider test (UHF program divider on PLLFILT pin and sound program divider on SPLLFIL pin) Reference divider test (UHF reference divider on PLLFILT pin) UHF phase comparison, upper source on PLLFILT pin Sound phase comparison 10A upper source on SPLLFIL (Only valid during transient output inhibit.) UHF phase comparison, lower source on PLLFILT pin Sound phase comparison 10A lower source on SPLLFIL (Only valid during transient output inhibit.) Sound phase comparison 1A upper source on SPLLFIL (Not valid during transient output inhibit.) Sound phase comparison 1A lower source on SPLLFIL (Not valid during transient output inhibit.) Description
1
0
1
2.f
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1 1
1 1
0 1
2.g 2.h
NOTE:
Test modes 1 and 2 are intended for manufacturing test purposes only and cannot be used for normal applications, except for VHF range (states 1.b to 1.e) READ MODE
OOR 0 1 Y1 0 1 Y2 0 1 High VCO is active Low VCO is active Normal operation, VCO in range VCO out of range Description VCO out of range, frequency too low, only valid if OOR=1 VCO out of range, frequency too high, only valid if OOR=1 Description Description
8
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Modulator High Frequency Characteristics
9 Modulator High Frequency Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0V, Ambient Temperture=25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale. RF inputs/outputs into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE DEMODULATION.
Parameter TVOUT output level UHF oscillator frequency VHF range TVOUT output attenuation From UHF oscillator internally divided During transient output inhibit, or when ATT bit is set to 1. See Figure 3. See Note 2 Using red EBU bar. See Note 2 Using red EBU bar.See Note 2 2nd harmonic: CH21 3rd harmonic: CH21 Other channels: See Figure 3. See NOTE 1. See Note 2 1/2Fo-1/4Fo-3/2Fo-3/4Fo From 40MHz to 1GHz. See Note 2 No video sound modulation.See Note 2 Test Conditions Output signal from modulator section See Figure 3. See Note 2 Min 73 460 45 50 -- -- -- -- -- Typ 74.5 -- -- 60 63 -- -- 35 26 Max 77 880 460 -- 58 65 65 Unit dBV MHz MHz dBc dBc dBc dBc Type B A B B C C C
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Sound subcarrier harmonics (Fp+nFs) Reference picture carrier. See Note 2 Second harmonic of chroma subcarrier Chroma/Sound intermodulation: Fp+ (Fsnd - Fchr)
Fo (picture carrier) harmonics
30 22
dBc
C
Out band (picture carrier) spurious In band spurious (Fo 5MHz) Note: Note:
-- --
0 --
10 60
dBV dBc
C C
1: Picture carrier harmonics are highly dependant on PCB layout and decoupling capacitors. 2: See "Characterization Measurement Conditions" on page 12.
2Fo Har m o n ics 40 35
45 40 35
dBc
3Fo Har m o n ics
Typical
dBc
30 25 20
Typical
30 25 20
Maximum specification 15 471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871 Fr e q u e n cy ( M h z )
T V Ou tp u t L e v e l 78 77 76
dBuV
Maximum specification 15 471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr eque ncy ( M hz )
T V Ou t p u t A tt e n u atio n 75 70
Maximum specification
dBc
65 60 55 50
75 74 73 72 Minimum specification 47 1 52 1 5 71 621 67 1 72 1 7 71 821 871 Fr e q u e n c y (M h z )
Typical
Typical
Maximum specification 45 471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871 Fr e q u e n cy ( M h z )
Figure 3. Typical Performance
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9
Video Characteristics
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
10 Video Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0V, Ambient Temperture=25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale. RF output into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE DEMODULATION.
Parameter Video bandwidth Video input level Video input current Video input impedance Peak White Clip PWC bit set to 1, see PWC section. See Note 2 No sound modulation,100% white video Using CCIR Rec.567 weighting filter See Figure 4. See Note 2 Unweighted. See Note 2 Differential Phase Differential Gain Luma/Sync ratio PAL video modulation depth SECAM video modulation depth CCIR Test Line 330, worst case from the first 4 steps out of 5. See Note 2 CCIR Test Line 330, worst case from the first 4 steps out of 5. See Note 2 Input ratio 7.0:3.0 See Figure 4. See Note 2 MC44BC373C only - See Figure 4. See Note 2
V id e o Sig n al to No is e 58 56 54
dB
( w i t h C C I R W e i ght i ng f i l t e r )
Test Conditions Reference 0dB at 100kHz, measured at 5MHz. See Note 2 75Ohm load
Min -1.5 -- -- 500 110
Typ -0.8 -- 0.2 -- 114
Max -- 1.5 1 -- 118
Unit dB Vcvbs A K %
Type C D A A A
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Video S/N
50 45 -5 -5 6.8/ 3.2 75 88
53 -- -- -- -- 81 93
-- -- 5 5 7.2/ 2.8 88 99
dB
C C
deg % -- % %
C C B B B
52 50
Typical
Minimum specification 48 471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871 Fr e q u e n cy (M h z )
PA L V id e o M o d u latio n De p th 90 88 86 84
%
SEC A M V id e o M o d u latio n De p th 100 98
Maximum specification
%
Maximum specification
96 94 92 90
82 80 78 76
Typical
Typical Minimum specification
88
74 471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871 Fr e q u e n cy (M h z )
Minimum specification 86 471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871 Fr e q u e n cy (M h z )
Figure 4. Typical Performances
10
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Audio Characteristics
11 Audio Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0V, Ambient Temperture=25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale. RF inputs/outputs into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE DEMODULATION.
Parameter Picture-to-Sound ratio Test Conditions PS bit set to 0 PS bit set to 1 Min 13 9 Typ 16 12 Max 19 15 Unit dB Type B
Using specific pre-emphasis circuit, audio input level=205mVrms-audio frequency=1kHz AM modulation: SECAM Fs=6.5MHz Audio modulation depth FM modulation: Fs=5.5, 6 or 6.5MHz 100% modulation=50kHz FM deviation FM modulation: NTSC Fs=4.5MHz 100% modulation=25kHz FM deviation Audio input resistance Audio Frequency response Reference 0dB at 1kHz, using specified pre-emphasis circuit, measure from 50Hz to 15kHz at 1kHz, 100% modulation (50kHz) No video at 1kHz, 100% modulation No video Ref 1Khz, 50% modulation (+/-25Khz) EBU color bars Video signal, using CCIR 468.2 weighting filter Reference 1kHz, 85% modulation Video input EBU color bar 75% Audio BW 40Hz--15kHz Weighting filter CCIR 468-2 -- -- -- 45 80 80 80 53 -- -- -- 61 +2 2 2.5 % % % K B B B A
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-2.5 -- --
-- 0.4 1.5
dB % %
C C D
Audio Distortion FM (THD only) Audio Distortion AM (THD only)
Audio S/N with Sync Buzz FM
48
53
--
dB
C
Audio S/N with Sync Buzz AM
45
50
--
dB
D
Audio Signal to Nois e 58 56 54
dB
Typical
52 50 48 46 471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871 Fr e que ncy (M hz )
Minimum specification
Figure 5. Typical Performances
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11
Characterization Measurement Conditions
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12 Characterization Measurement Conditions
Device default configuration unless otherwise specified: * * * * * * * * * * * * Peak White Clip enable UHF oscillator ON Sound and video modulators ON Sound subcarrier frequency = 5.5Mhz TB1 bit set to `0' (bus format not compatible with MC44353) Sound Oscillator ON Logic Output Port LOW Picture-to-sound carrier ratio = 12dB System L disabled Test pattern disabled All test mode bits are `0' Frequency from channel 21 to 69
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RF Inputs / Output into 75ohm Load using a 75 to 50 ohm transformation. Video Input 1V pk-pk. Audio pre-emphasis circuit engaged.
Device and Signals Set-up TVOUT output level Video: 10 steps grey scale No audio Measured picture carrier in dBuV with the HP8596E Spectrum Analyzer using a 75 to 50 ohm transformation, all cables losses and transformation pads having been calibrated. Measurement used as a reference for other tests: TVout_Ref TVOUT output attenuation "ATT" bit = 1 No Video signal No Audio signal Measure in dBc picture carrier at "ATT"="1" with reference to picture carrier at "ATT"="0". Sound Subcarrier Harmonics Video: 10 steps grey scale No Audio signal Measure in dBc second and third sound harmonics levels in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref).
Picture carrier Sound carrier
Measurement Set-up
Sound 2nd harm Sound 3rd harm Fo +5.5Mhz +11Mhz +16.5Mhz
12
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Characterization Measurement Conditions
Device and Signals Set-up Measurement Set-up Second Harmonics of Chroma subcarrier No audio Video: a 700mVpk-pk 100Khz sinusoidal signal is inserted on the black level of active video area.
Frequency Frequency 100kHz 100Khz
Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), second harmonic of chroma at channel frequency plus 2 times chroma frequency, resulting in the following spectrum
Picture carrier
700mVpkpk
700mV pk-pk
Chroma carrier
Sound carrier Chroma 2nd Harmonic
Fo
+4.43Mhz +5.5Mhz
+8.86Mhz
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Chroma/Sound intermodulation No audio signal Video: 700mVpk-pk 100Khz sinusoidal signal inserted on the black level of active video area.This is generated using a Rohde & Schwarz Video Generator SAF and inserting the required frequency from a RF Signal generator.
Frequency Frequency 100kHz 4.43Mhz
Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), intermodulation product at channel frequency plus the sound carrier frequency (+5,5Mhz) minus the chroma frequency (-4,43Mhz), resulting in the following spectrum. Intermodulation product is at the channel frequency +1,07Mhz.
Picture carrier Chroma carrier Chroma/Sound Intermod. Sound carrier
700mVpkpk
700mV pk-pk
Fo
+1.07Mhz
+4.43Mhz +5.5Mhz
Picture Carrier Harmonics No Video signal No Audio signal Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), second and third harmonic of channel frequency, resulting in the following spectrum.
Picture carrier
2nd harmonic
3rd harmonic
Fo
2Fo
3Fo
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Characterization Measurement Conditions
Device and Signals Set-up
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Measurement Set-up Out of Band Spurious
No Video signal No Audio signal
Measure in dBuV spurious levels at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.5 times channel frequency, resulting in the following spectrum Measure from 40Mhz to 1Ghz.
Picture carrier
Spurious
Fo/4
Fo/2 Fo*3/4
Fo
Fo*3/2
In Band Spurious
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No Video signal No Audio signal
Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), spurious levels falling into video bandwidth Fo+/-5Mhz. Video Bandwidth
No audio Video: 600mVpk-pk sinusoidal signal inserted on the black level of active video area.
The Video signal is demodulated on the spectrum analyzer, and the peak level of the 100Khz signal is measured as a reference. The frequency is then swept from 100Khz to 5Mhz, and then the difference in dBc from the 100Khz reference level is measured. Peak White Clip
No Audio signal. Video: 10 step grey scale
The video modulation depth is measured for 1.0VCVBS input level, giving modulation depth MDA. Then the same measurement is carried out for an input level of 1.4VCVBC, giving modulation depth MDB. The Peak White Clip is defined as 100*MDB/MDA. Weighted Video Signal to Noise
Video: 100% White video signal - 1Vpk-pk. No Audio signal This is measured using a Rohde & Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G (using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting network, 100kHz to 5MHz band with sound trap and envelope detection, and a Rohde & Schwarz UAF Video Analyzer.
The Video Analyzer measures the ratio between the amplitude of the active area of the video signal (700mV) and the noise level in Vrms on a video black level which is show below. VideoS/N is calculated as 20 x log(700 /N) in dB
N noise level in Vrms
Unweighted Video Signal to Noise Same as above with CCIR filter disabled. Same as above. Video Differential Phase Video: 5 step Grey Scale- 1Vpk-pk. No Audio signal This is measured using a Rohde & Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G (using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting network, 100kHz to 5MHz band with sound trap, and envelope detection, and a Rohde & Schwarz UAF Video Analyzer. On line CCIR 330, the video analyzer DP measure consists of calculating the difference of the Chroma phase at the black level and the different chroma subcarrier phase angles at each step of the greyscale. The largest positive or negative difference indicates the distortion.
the largest positive or negative difference DIFF PHASE = the phase at position 0 * 100%
The video analyzer method takes the worst step from the first 4 steps.
14
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Device and Signals Set-up Measurement Set-up Video Differential Gain Video: 5 step Grey Scale- 1Vpk-pk. No Audio signal This is measured using a Rohde & Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G (using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting network, 100kHz to 5MHz band with sound trap and envelope detection, and a Rohde & Schwarz UAF Video Analyzer. On line CCIR 330 shown below, the video analyzer DG measure consists of calculating the difference of the Chroma amplitude at the black level and the different amplitudes at each step of the greyscale. The largest positive or negative difference indicates the distortion.
0
1
2
3
4
5
5-step Greyscale with Chroma subcarrier superimposed
(not to scale), line CCIR 330.
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the largest positive or negative difference DIFF GAIN = the amplitude at position 0
* 100%
The video analyzer method takes the worst step from the first 4 steps. Video Modulation Depth No Audio signal Video: 10 step grey scale This is measured using a HP8596E Spectrum Analyzer with a TV Trigger option, allowing demodulation and triggering on any specified TV Line. The analyzer is centred on the maximum peak of the Video signal and reduced to zero Hertz span in Linear mode to demodulate the Video carrier.
A(mV) A ( 6-10mV)
B(mV) B (0.6 - 3mV)
TV Line Demodulated by Spectrum Analyzer-BG standard
The Modulation Depth is calculated as (A-B)/A x 100 in% Same measurement method for L standard, with inverted video. Picture to Sound ratio No Video signal No Audio Signal "PS" bit set to 0 and 1 Measure in dBc sound carrier in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref) for "PS" bit=0 (PS=12dB typical) and for "PS" bit=1 (PS=16dB),
Picture carrier
Sound carrier
Fo
+5.5Mhz
Audio Modulation Depth - FM Modulation Video Black Level Audio signal: 1Khz, 205mVrms. This is measured using a Rohde & Schwarz AMFS Demodulator in B/G and a HP8903A Audio Analyzer at 1kHz The audio signal 205mV at 1kHz is supplied by the Audio Analyzer, and the FM demodulated signal deviation is indicated on the Demodulator in Khz peak. This value is then converted in% of FM deviation, based on specified standards.
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15
Characterization Measurement Conditions
Device and Signals Set-up
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Measurement Set-up Audio Frequency response
The audio signal 1KHz 100mVrms is supplied by the Audio Analyzer, demodulated by the Demodulator and the audio analyzer measures the Video Black Level AC amplitude of this demodulated audio signal: this value is taken as a Audio signal: 50Hz to 15KHz, 100mVrms reference (0dB). This is measured using a Rohde & The audio signal is then swept from 50Hz to 15KHz, and demodulated Schwarz AMFS Demodulator in B/G and a AC amplitude is measured in dB relative to the 1KHz reference. HP8903A. Audio pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circuits are engaged, all audio analyzer filters are switched OFF. Audio Distortion FM Audio: 1Khz, adjustable level Video Black Level This is measured using a Rohde & Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G and a HP8903A Audio Analyzer at 1kHz. The output level of the Audio analyzer is varied to obtain a deviation of 50kHz indicated on the Demodulator. The input arms detector of the Audio Analyzer converts the ac level of the combined signal + noise + distortion to dc. It then removes the fundamental signal (1kHz) after having measured the frequency. The output rms detector converts the residual noise + distortion to dc. The dc voltmeter measures both dc signals and calculates the ratio in% of the two signals. ADist = ( Distorsion + Noise ) ( Distorsion + Noise + Signal ) Audio Signal to Noise The Audio Analyzer alternately turns ON and OFF it's internal audio source to make a measure of the Audio signal plus noise and then another measure of only the noise. Audio: 1Khz, adjustable level The measurement is made using the internal CCIR468-2 Filter of the Video: EBU Color Bars Audio Analyzer together with the internal 30+/-2kHz (60dB/decade) This is measured using a Rohde & Lowpass filters. Schwarz AMFS Demodulator in B/G and a The AMFS demodulator uses a quasi-parallel demodulation as is the HP8903A Audio Analyzer at 1kHz. The case in a normal TV set. In this mode the Nyquist filter is bypassed and output level of the Audio analyzer is varied the video carrier is used without added delay to effectuate intercarrier to obtain a Modulation Deviation of 25kHz conversion. In this mode the phase noise information fully cancels out indicated on the AMFS Demodulator. and the true S/N can be measured ASN ( dB ) = 20 x log ( Signal + Noise ) ( Noise )
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
16
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Modulator Description
13 Modulator Description
13.1 Power ON Settings
At power-ON, the MC44BC373C/4C configuration is as follows:
WRITE MODE C1--High Order Bits C0--Low Order Bits FM--High Order Bits FL--Low Order Bits Note: Note: Note: Note: Note: Peak White Clip is ON. Sound frequency is 5.5MHz. Logic Output Port is low voltage. Picture to sound ratio is 12dB. Bit 7 1 0 0 N5 Bit 6 0 0 0 N4 Bit 5 0 0 N11 N3 Bit 4 0 0 N10 N2 Bit 3 0 1 N9 N1 Bit 2 0 0 N8 N0 Bit 1 0 0 N7 0 Bit 0 0 0 N6 0 ACK ACK ACK ACK ACK
N0 to N11 are set to have UHF oscillator on channel 36 (591.25MHz).
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
These settings can be customized in special masked version.
13.2 Power Supply
The three device Vccs (pins 10, 13, 15) must be applied at the same time to ensure all internal blocks are correctly biased. All other pins must not be biased before Vcc is applied to device.
13.3 Standby modes
During standby mode, the modulator is switched to low power consumption: the sound oscillator, UHF oscillator, video and sound modulator sections bias are internally turned OFF. The IIC bus section remains active. Modulator can be programmed in standby mode with combination of 3 bits:OSC=1, SO=1 and ATT=1
13.4 System L or B / G Selection
SYSL bit internally switches the following functions: * SYSL = 0 enables B/G system -- Video modulation polarityNegative -- Video modulation depth80% Typical (See "Video Characteristics" on page 10.) -- Sound modulation typeFM * SYSL = 1 enables L system -- Video modulation polarityPositive -- Video modulation depth90% Typical (See "Video Characteristics" on page 10.) -- Sound modulation typeAM
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Modulator Description
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
13.5 Test Bit TB1
This test bit allows a different bus format. * * TB1=0 -- All MC44BC373C/4C Functions Available--Normal Mode. TB1=1 -- Limited Software Compatibility with MC443533. MC44BC373C/4C Functions Not Available. TB1=1, allows a first evaluation of MC44BC373C/4C using software developed for MC44353 devices.
WRITE MODE CA--CHIP ADDRESS C1--High Order Bits C0--Low Order Bits FM--High Order Bits Bit 7 1 1 * 0 N5 Bit 6 1 * * TPEN N4 Bit 5 0 * * N11 N3 Bit 4 0 * SFD1 N10 N2 Bit 3 1 PS SFD0 N9 N1 Bit 2 0 * 1 N8 N0 Bit 1 1 * 0 N7 * Bit 0 0 SYSL 0 N6 * ACK ACK ACK ACK ACK ACK
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
FL--Low Order Bits * * * * * * *
Case TB1=1 compatible with MC44353 All "" are don't care bits. PS bit replaces PSD2 bit in MC44353 bus format: PS = 0 is for Picture-to-Sound ratio = 12dB PS = 1 is for Picture-to-Sound ratio = 16dB SFD1 and SFD0 bits have the same definition for both bus formats (MC44353 and MC44BC373C/4C) and allows a select sound frequency between 4.5MHz, 5MHz, 5.5MHz, and 6.5MHz. SYSL bit is the same definition for both bus formats (MC44353 and MC44BC373C/4C) and allows a select system L or BG. All MC44BC373C/4C functions are set to their default values.
13.6 Transient Output Inhibit
To minimize the risk of interference to other channels while the UHF PLL is acquiring a lock on the desired frequency, the Sound and Video modulators are turned OFF during a time out period for each of the following two cases: * * Power-ON from zero (i.e., all Vcc is switched from 0V to 5V). UHF oscillator power-ON from OFF state (i.e., OSC bit is switched from 1 to 0)
There is a time-out of 263ms until the output is enabled. This lets the UHF PLL settle to its programmed frequency. During the 263ms time-out, the sound PLL current source is set to 10A typical to speed up the locking time. After the 263ms time-out, the current source is switched to 1A. Use care when selecting loop filter components, to ensure the loop transient does not exceed this delay. For test purposes, it is possible to disable the 263ms delay using Test Mode1-State1.h (this is called speed up mode).
13.7 UHF Oscillator--VHF range
The UHF oscillator is fully integrated and does not require any external components. For low frequency testing or VHF range operation (test mode 1, states 1.b to 1.c), the UHF oscillator can be internally divided by: 2, 4, 8, or 16.
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13.8 PLL Section
Modulator Description
The reference divider is a fixed divide-by-128, resulting in a reference frequency of 31.25KHz with a 4.0MHz crystal. The 31.25KHz reference frequency is used for both UHF and Sound PLLs. The prescaler is a fixed divide-by-8 and is permanently engaged. The programmable divider division-ratio is controlled by the state of control bits N0 to N11. The divider-ratio N for a desired frequency F (in MHz) is given by:
F 128 N = -- x -------8 4
with:
N = 2048 x N11 + 1024 x N10 + ...... + 4 x N2 + 2 x N1 + N0
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Programming a division-ratio N=0 is not allowed.
13.9 Logic Output Port
The LOP pin is used to control any logic function. The primary applications are to control an external attenuator or an external switch, between the antenna input and TV output. A typical attenuator application with PIN diode is shown. The LOP pin is used to switch the PIN attenuator depending on the signal strength of the Antenna Input, thereby reducing the risks of Intermodulation in certain areas. The LOP may also be used as an OFF position bypass switch or for other logic functions in the application.
Vcc
Antenna Input
TV Out
LOP pin
Figure 6. Attenuator Application with PIN Diode
13.10 Video Section - Peak White Clip
The modulator requires the following: * * A composite video input with negative going sync pulses A nominal level of 1Vp-p
This signal is AC-coupled to the video input where the sync tip level is clamped. The video signal is then passed to a Peak White Clip circuit. The PWC circuit function is to soft-clip the top of the video waveform if the "sync tip amplitude" to "peak white clip" goes too high. This method avoids carrier over-modulation by the video. Clipping can be disabled by software.
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Modulator Description
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
13.11 Sound Section
The multivibrator oscillator is fully integrated and does not require any external components. An internal low-pass filter and matched structure give a very low harmonics level. The sound modulator system consists of the following two types: * * An FM modulator incorporating the sound subcarrier oscillator An AM modulator (MC44BC373C only)
The audio input signal is AC-coupled into the amplifier, which then drives both types of modulator. The audio pre-emphasis circuit is a high-pass filter with an external capacitor and an internal resistor (100kOhms). The recommended capacitor value (470pF) is for BG standard; time constant is 50S.
13.12 Test Pattern Generator
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
The IIC generates a simple test pattern, which can be switched under bus control to permit a TV receiver to easily tune to the modulator output. The pattern consists of two white vertical bars on a black background and a 976Hz audio test signal.
TE2
7/10
3/10
TE1 0 10 20 24 2830 40 44 50 60 64
TIME IN S.
Table 1. Test Pattern Generator
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. I2C Compatible Bus High Speed
14 High Speed I2C Compatible Bus
14.1 Specification Conditions
Unless otherwise specified, Vcc1=5.0V, TA=25 oC.
Electrical Characteristics SDA / SCL output current at 0V SDA / SCL low input level SDA / SCL high input level SDA/SCL input current for input level from 0.4V to 0.3Vcc SDA/SCL input level SDA/SCL capacitance ACK low output level (sinking 3mA) ACK low output level (sinking 15mA) Timing Characteristics Bus clock frequency Bus free time between stop and start Setup time for start condition Hold time for start condition Data setup time Data hold time Setup time for stop condition Hold time for stop condition Acknowledge propagation delay SDA fall time at 3ma sink I and 130pF load SDA fall time at 3ma sink I and 400pF load SDA rise time SCL fall/rise time Pulse width of spikes suppressed by the input filter Min -- -- 3.0 -5 0 -- -- -- Min 0 200 500 500 0 0 500 500 -- -- -- -- -- -- Typ -- -- -- -- -- -- 0,3 -- Typ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Max 10 1.5 -- 5 Vcc+0,3 10 1 1.5 Max 800 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 300 50 80 300 300 50 Unit A V V A V pF V V Unit kHz ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Type A B B C D C A C Type C C C C C C C C C C C C C C
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
14.2 Timings Definition
Stop Tbuf Start Chip Address
ACK
Start
Stop
SSDA SSCL
... ...
SDA SCL
SDA SCL
Tsu;sto Thd;sta
Tsu;dat
Thd;dat
Tack:low
Tsu;sta
Thd;sto
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High Speed I2C Compatible Bus
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
14.3 Levels Definition
SDA
...
Vcc Vih Vil 0V
dead band
14.4 High Speed I2C Compatible Bus Format
SCL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 44 45
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
STA
Chip Address ($CA) ACK
First Data Byte (C1 or FM) ACK
Data ACK
Stop
SDA
14.5 I2C Write Mode Format and Bus Receiver
The bus receiver operates the I2C compatible data format. The chip address (I2C bus) is:
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 (ACK) = $CA (hex) in write mode
In write mode, each ninth data bit (bits 9, 18, 27, 36, and 45) is an acknowledge bit (ACK) during which the MCU sends a logic 1 and the Modulator circuit answers on the data line by pulling it low. Besides the chip address, the circuit needs two or four data bytes for operation. The following sequences of data bytes are the permitted incoming information:
Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 With: STA = Start condition FM = Frequency information, high order bits C1 = Control information, high order bits STO = Stop condition CA = Chip Address FL = Frequency information, low order bits CO = Control information, low order bits STA STA STA STA CA CA CA CA C1 FM C1 FM C0 FL C0 FL STO STO FM C1 FL C0 STO STO
After the chip address, two or four data bytes may be received. * * If three data bytes are received, the third one is ignored. If five or more data bytes are received, the fifth and following ones are ignored, and the last ACK pulse is sent at the end of the fourth data byte.
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. I2C Compatible Bus High Speed
The first and third data bytes contain a function bit, which lets the IC distinguish between frequency information and control information. If the function bit is a logic 1, the two following bytes contain control information. The first data byte after the chip address, may be byte CO or byte FM. The two bytes of frequency information are preceded by a logic 0.
14.6 I2C Read Mode Format
The chip address (I2C) is:
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 (ACK) = $CB (hex) in read mode
The incoming information consists of the read mode chip address byte. The device then answers with an ACK followed by one byte containing three bits of status information. No acknowledge is answered by the modulator after this byte.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
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Pin Circuit Schematics
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
15 Pin Circuit Schematics
VCCD VCC VCC 50 25K 1/2 VCCD VCCD
SDA
SCL
25K 1/2 VCCD
ACK
VCC
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
VCC 5K
XTAL
1.5K
LOP
VCC
PREM
10k 11.8k
50k
VCC
audio
AUDIO IN
VCC
VCC
VCC 5K
TV OUT
SPLLFLT
75
VCC
TVOVCC
VCC VCC 100 VCC
PLLFLT
2K 10K 500 10K
VIDEO
24
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. and Case Diagrams Application
16 Application and Case Diagrams
16.1 Proposed BiCMOS Modulator Application
This document contains information on a new product under development. Motorola reserves the right to change or discontinue this product without notice.
O
SDA SCL O O
Vcc
Note 2
1
SCL
2.2k
16
GNDD
22nF 47nF
10nF 1nF
O TVOUT
2
SDA
15
VCCD
O
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
LOP
4MHz Pre-em
Cx Note 1 470pF
3
LOP
14
PLLFLT
4
XTAL
13
TVOVCC
5
GND
12
TVOUT
6
PREEM
11
GND
7
AUDIO
10
VCCA
8
SPLLFLT
9
VIDEO
10nF 10nF
100nF 22nF
220nF 15K
75
O Video O Vcc
100nF
Audio
Note 1: Cx value depends on crystal characteristics; Cx = 27pF on Motorola application board. Note 2: Loop Filter components must be as close as possible to pins 14 and 15.
Figure 7. Proposed MC44BC373C/4C Application Schematic
MOTOROLA
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Application and Case Diagrams
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
16.2 Packaging Instructions
Tape and reel packaging per 12MRH00360A with the following conditions applicable for Dual In-Line SOP (SOIC) package.
Component Orientation: Arrange parts with the pin 1 side closest to the tape's round sprocket holes on the tape's trailing edge.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
16.3 Marking Instructions
SO16NB Package: Bar marked part way accross Pin 1 end of package. Bar width 10 to 20 mils, length to be at least four times Bar width. Bar placement may extend across chamfer and dimple areas. Pin 1 Dot or Dimple * 1st line: 44BC373CD for MC44BC373CD device 44BC374CD for MC44BC374CD device (Part number coded on 10 digits) 2nd line: Assembly site code AW (2 digits) followed by the wafer lot code L (1 digit), year Y (1 digit) and work week WW (2 digits)
44BC37xCD
*
TSSOP16 package *
44BC
1st line: 44BC (Part number coded on 4 digits) 2nd line: 373C for MC44BC373CDTB device 374C for MC44BC374CDTB device (Part number coded on 4 digits) 3rd line: Assembly site code A (1 digit) followed by the wafer lot code L (1 digit), year Y (1 digit) and work week W (1 digit)
37xC
*
*
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. and Case Diagrams Application
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Millimeters Dim Min A A1 D E E1 b c e L h Q 1.35 0.1 9.8 5.8 3.8 0.35 0.19 0.4 0.25 0
o
Inches Min 0.054 0.004 0.385 0.229 0.150 0.014 0.008 0.016 0.010 0o Max 0.068 0.009 0.393 0.244 0.157 0.019 0.009 0.049 0.019 7o
Note: 1994. Note:
1. Dimensions and Tolerances per ASME Y14.5M, 2. Controlling dimension: Millimeters.
Max 1.75 0.25 10 6.2 4 0.49 0.25 1.25 0.5 7o
Note: 3. Dimension D and E1 do not include mold protrusion. Note: 4. Maximum mold protrusion 0.15 (0.006) per side. Note: 5. Dimension b does not include Dambar protrusion. Allowable Dambar protrusion shall be 0.127 (0.005) total in excess of the b dimension at maximum material condition.
1.27 BSC
0.050 BSC
Figure 8. SO16NB Package
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Application and Case Diagrams
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Figure 9. TSSOP16 Package
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. and Case Diagrams Application
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
HOW TO REACH US: USA/EUROPE/LOCATIONS NOT LISTED: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 5405, Denver, Colorado 80217 1-303-675-2140 or 1-800-441-2447 JAPAN: Motorola Japan Ltd.; SPS, Technical Information Center, 3-20-1, Minami-Azabu Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-8573 Japan 81-3-3440-3569 ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; Silicon Harbour Centre, 2 Dai King Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong 852-26668334 TECHNICAL INFORMATION CENTER: 1-800-521-6274 HOME PAGE: http://www.motorola.com/semiconductors
Information in this document is provided solely to enable system and software implementers to use Motorola products. There are no express or implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or fabricate any integrated circuits or integrated circuits based on the information in this document. Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. "Typical" parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including "Typicals" must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part.
Motorola and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. (c) Motorola, Inc. 2002
MC44BC373C/D
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